Icologiq Knowledge · Method

HAZOP

A structured, team-based study that uses guide words to identify deviations from design intent that could create hazards or operability problems.

HAZOP

Also known as:

Hazard and Operability Study, HAZOP Study, hazard and operability analysis

At a glance

Type

Method

Topic

Process Safety

Applies to

Tank Terminals & Chemicals

Current version

Status

Last reviewed

September 29, 2026

Definition

HAZOP stands for Hazard and Operability Study. It is a structured, multidisciplinary risk-analysis technique that examines a process or system against its intended design using guide words to identify credible deviations, their causes, consequences, existing safeguards and possible actions. The technique is widely used in process industries where technical changes and operating conditions can create significant safety or operability risks.

Why it matters

For chemical plants, tank terminals and other process-safety environments, important risks often arise from combinations of equipment, procedures, control logic and operating conditions. A HAZOP creates a disciplined way to challenge design assumptions, record findings, assign actions and connect the results with risk assessment, Management of Change and follow-up. The value depends heavily on traceable actions and evidence after the workshop, not only on the workshop itself.

View term

A systematic approach to preventing major incidents by managing hazards associated with hazardous processes, substances, equipment, procedures and organizational change.

Process Safety Management

Framework

· Process Safety

View term

A structured assessment used to identify hazards or uncertainties, estimate their risk and determine whether controls or further action are required.

Risk Assessment

Process

· Risk

View term

A structured process for evaluating and controlling safety, operational and compliance risks before significant technical, organizational or process changes are implemented.