Icologiq Knowledge · Method
Bowtie Analysis
A qualitative risk and barrier analysis method that maps threats leading to a loss-of-control event and the preventive and mitigating barriers used to stop or limit consequences.
Also known as:
Bow-tie analysis, Bow Tie Analysis, bowtie method, bow-tie method, bowtie diagram, bow tie risk assessment
At a glance
Type
Method
Topic
Process Safety
Applies to
Tank Terminals & Chemicals
Current version
Status
Recognised process-safety risk methodology
Last reviewed
September 30, 2026
Definition
Bowtie Analysis is a qualitative risk assessment and barrier management method that visualises a hazardous scenario around a loss-of-control or top event. Threats are shown on the left together with the preventive barriers intended to stop the top event from occurring. Consequences are shown on the right together with mitigating barriers intended to limit escalation or harm. The method makes the relationship between hazards, threats, consequences and critical controls visible so teams can discuss how risk is actually being managed.
Why it matters
For process-safety and major-hazard risks, protection rarely depends on a single safeguard. HSE and Operations managers need to know which barriers are critical, what each barrier is expected to do, who owns it and what could weaken its performance. Bowtie Analysis provides a shared model for making those dependencies visible and for deciding whether existing controls are sufficient. The same model can support Management of Change, audits and incident investigations by showing which controls may be affected by a change, which need assurance and which failed or were missing when an event occurred.
The systematic identification, ownership, monitoring and maintenance of risk controls that prevent hazardous events or mitigate their consequences.
Barrier Management
Process
· Process Safety
A systematic approach to preventing major incidents by managing hazards associated with hazardous processes, substances, equipment, procedures and organizational change.
Process Safety Management
Framework
· Process Safety
A structured assessment used to identify hazards or uncertainties, estimate their risk and determine whether controls or further action are required.
Risk Assessment
Process
· Risk
A structured process for evaluating and controlling safety, operational and compliance risks before significant technical, organizational or process changes are implemented.
Management of Change
Process
· Change/HSE
A structured process for establishing what happened in an incident, why it happened, which controls failed or were missing, and what actions can reduce the risk of recurrence.
Incident Investigation
Process
· CAPA & Incidents
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